(2003) and, for an authoritative account of the newly revised guidelines, consult the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing, 3rd ed.

For full discussion of the MLA style conventions that were current until recently, you should consult Joseph Gibaldi, MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th ed. The newest revisions, presented in this guide, come into effect from January 2009. Note, however, that MLA style guidelines have been revised periodically since they were first introduced in 1951: different conventions will be evident in published work that employs MLA style, depending on when the work was published. This guide summarizes the main features of MLA documentation style, but, if you want to master MLA style, it also helps to see these guidelines in use by examining actual published work that makes use of MLA style (such as essays in PMLA). If you fail to record this information initially, it can often be difficult to retrieve the necessary information later on. You will need this information, both for in-text citations and for the works cited list for your paper. Whenever you undertake research for a project, you should record the bibliographic information for each source that you have consulted, as well as page references for each quotation, idea, or bit of information you draw from that source. Your documentation efforts will only be as good as your bibliographic note-keeping while you are researching a paper. The documentation style developed by the Modern Language Association of America (MLA style) offers one conventional system for doing this in published works, you will also see various other systems in use (such as that of the Chicago Manual of Style or that of the American Psychological Association ). You need to provide information that is sufficiently clear and complete for others to identify the specific sources you have made use of. The purpose of documentation is to give due credit to the sources from which you have drawn ideas, phrasing, quotations, or information, and to allow others to follow-up the sources you have used for your work, in order to corroborate and learn from your work as fully as possible.

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